Of Mice and Men
Reading the Text ๐Ÿ“–

  1. Of Mice and Men
    Reading the Text ๐Ÿ“–
  2. Opening the novel
  3. Establishing setting
  4. Looking at the text
  5. Reading the text
  6. How to write a contextual paragraph

Opening the novel

LO: To consider the opening of the text.

What does a good opening of a novel need to do? Write a bulleted list.

How did Macbeth open? What did Shakespeare choose to show and why?

EDENIC - (Adjective) A natural paradise; peaceful, calm and at one with nature. Comparing somewhere to the Garden of Eden.

What's in a name?

“But Mouse, you are not alone,
In proving foresight may be vain:
The best laid plans of mice and men
Often go awry,
And leave us nothing but grief and pain,
For promised joy”

Robert Burns, 'To A Mouse'

The title of the novel is taken from a poem about a mouse whose nest is destroyed by a farmer's plough.

What ideas or themes does this suggest to the reader will appear in the novel? Will it be a happy novel?

“A few miles south of Soledad, the Salinas River drops in close to the hillside bank and runs deep and green. The water is warm too, for it has slipped twinkling over the yellow sands in the sunlight before reaching the narrow pool. On one side of the river the golden foothill slopes curve up to the strong and rocky Gabilan Mountains, but on the valley side the water is lined with treesโ€” willows fresh and green with every spring, carrying in their lower leaf junctures the debris of the winterโ€™s flooding; and sycamores with mottled, white, recumbent limbs and branches that arch over the pool. On the sandy bank under the trees the leaves lie deep and so crisp that a lizard makes a great skittering if he runs among them. Rabbits come out of the brush to sit on the sand in the evening, and the damp flats are covered with the night tracks of โ€˜coons, and with the spreadpads of dogs from the ranches, and with the split-wedge tracks of deer that come to drink in the dark.
There is a path through the willows and among the sycamores, a path beaten hard by boys coming down from the ranches to swim in the deep pool, and beaten hard by tramps who come wearily down from the highway in the evening to jungle-up near water. In front of the low horizontal limb of a giant sycamore there is an ash pile made by many fires; the limb is worn smooth by men who have sat on it.”

Chapter 1

Establishing setting

Finish your knowledge organiser from yesterday's lesson

Include a list of key vocabulary AND a reference to the title

Looking at exam questions

Q1) Explore the theme of nature in the novel

  • You must consider context in your answer

[40 marks]

  • Questions are thematic or character-focussed
  • Whatever the question, context is essential
  • Notice it doesn't focus on a specific scene or section, but the whole novel

What do we know about nature in the novel so far?

Starting with the big ideas

We know that Steinbeck...

Looking at the text

“A few miles south of Soledad, the Salinas River drops in close to the hillside bank and runs deep and green. The water is warm too...”

Chapter 1

Open your copy of the novel and re-read the first page.

Why does Steinbeck start the novel this way: with nature and no people?

Brainstorm some ideas with your partner, then write down two reasons.

  1. Steinbeck opens the novel this way to make the reader think...
  2. Or, he could have started the novel this way to suggest...

The Full Text

Open your device and save this as a bookmark

๐Ÿ Of Mice and Men - Full Text

https://mxb.fyi/textbook/of-mice-and-men-text

(It's also on our Teams!)

“Evening of a hot day started the little wind to moving among the leaves. The shade climbed up the hills toward the top. On the sand banks the rabbits sat as quietly as little gray, sculptured stones. And then from the direction of the state highway came the sound of footsteps on crisp sycamore leaves. The rabbits hurried noiselessly for cover. A stilted heron labored up into the air and pounded down river. For a moment the place was lifeless, and then two men emerged from the path and came into the opening by the green pool.
They had walked in single file down the path, and even in the open one stayed behind the other. Both were dressed in denim trousers and in denim coats with brass buttons. Both wore black, shapeless hats and both carried tight blanket rolls slung over their shoulders. The first man was small and quick, dark of face, with restless eyes and sharp, strong features. Every part of him was defined: small, strong hands, slender arms, a thin and bony nose. Behind him walked his opposite, a huge man, shapeless of face, with large, pale eyes, with wide, sloping shoulders; and he walked heavily, dragging his feet a little, the way a bear drags his paws. His arms did not swing at his sides, but hung loosely.”

Chapter 1

How to write a contextual paragraph

LO: To consider how we weave context into our answers

TEXT:    mxb.fyi/omam
SLIDES:  mxb.fyi/11omam-text

How are George and Lennie described in the opening paragraphs? Write down four bullets.

Use this word in your answer:
Z_________

Arrival of the men

“Evening of a hot day started the little wind to moving among the leaves. The shade climbed up the hills toward the top. On the sand banks the rabbits sat as quietly as little gray, sculptured stones. And then from the direction of the state highway came the sound of footsteps on crisp sycamore leaves. The rabbits hurried noiselessly for cover. A stilted heron labored up into the air and pounded down river. For a moment the place was lifeless, and then two men emerged from the path and came into the opening by the green pool...”

Chapter 1

What THREE things could you say about nature in this section?

  • How does nature react to humans?
  • How are the humans described?
  • Is it positive or negative?

Give an alternative interpretation too.

“They had walked in single file down the path, and even in the open one stayed behind the other. Both were dressed in denim trousers and in denim coats with brass buttons. Both wore black, shapeless hats and both carried tight blanket rolls slung over their shoulders. The first man was small and quick, dark of face, with restless eyes and sharp, strong features. Every part of him was defined: small, strong hands, slender arms, a thin and bony nose. Behind him walked his opposite, a huge man, shapeless of face, with large, pale eyes, with wide, sloping shoulders; and he walked heavily, dragging his feet a little, the way a bear drags his paws. His arms did not swing at his sides, but hung loosely.”

Chapter 1

Build on and add to your ideas from the previous slide.

Crafting an essay, with a PECK ๐Ÿฆ

  • Point - what are you saying about the novel?
  • Evidence - what part of the novel are you linking to?
  • Context - what historical/social/authorial context is relevant?
  • Knowledge - what other bits of the novel could this link with?

Copy this structure down!
What context is relevant?

Q1) Explore the theme of nature in the novel
You must consider context in your answer

โธ๏ธ Pause & think: What do we mean when we say context?

  • Context is not just facts about the time period or the author
   [ C O N T E X T ]
  /                 \
 /                   \

CON = with or together

TEXT = written material

  • Context must be information that we combine with the main piece of writing.

  • Context has to be relevant and connected to the text (the novel) - we aren't writing a history essay!

Selecting relevant context

  • Our question is about the theme of NATURE in the novel ๐ŸŒณ

Rank (1 to 7) the contextual information opposite by relevance to the question, and write a short explanation for why.

i.e. 1 for information we will DEFINITELY use, 7 for information we definitely won't use.

Pick your least relevant piece of information, and find some way to link it to the question

The Wall Street Crash

The Dustbowl

The American Dream

Steinbeck's Childhood

The First World War

Segregation

California

Planning our paragraph ๐Ÿฆ

  • Point - what are you saying about the novel?
  • Evidence - what part of the novel are you linking to?
  • Context - what historical/social/authorial context is relevant?
  • Knowledge - what other bits of the novel could this link with?
  • Steinbeck presents nature as...
  • I would argue that...
  • He does this by...
  • Readers in 1937 would have thought...
  • This could also link to...

Continuing our essays

Re-read the ranked list of contextual points we created last lesson.

Which will you use for your SECOND paragraph?

Can you add any additional contextual points to it?

A model paragraph

In the opening of the novel, Steinbeck presents the nature of California as an Edenic paradise. He achieves this by beginning the narrative not with descriptions of the human characters, but rather with the beautiful and undisturbed natural world of the Salinas Valley. Readers in 1937 would have thought of California as a place of untouched natural beauty and fertile soil, in contrast to the industrialised, urban East Coast, and the Dustbowl-ravaged Midwest. However, the arrival of George and Lennie causes the scene to become "lifeless". This could reflect the natural cost and damage caused by the American Dream of endless progress. In this moment, Steinbeck encapsulates the story of American colonisation of the continent: men arrives and drive away nature.

Highlight and annotate the Point, Evidence, Context and Knowledge links.

How could it be improved?

Adding a second paragraph

  • Point - what are you saying about the novel?
  • Evidence - what part of the novel are you linking to?
  • Context - what historical/social/authorial context is relevant?
  • Knowledge - what other bits of the novel could this link with?
  • Steinbeck presents nature as...
  • I would argue that...
  • He does this by...
  • Readers in 1937 would have thought...
  • This could also link to...

Arrival on the Ranch

Capitalism and The Boss

Hierachies

TOC

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