Russian Federation

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Russian Federation

Size: 6.6 million sq mi, largest country in the world
Population: 146 million, 9th most populous
Capital: Moscow
Government: Federal semi-presidential republic
Main Industries: Oil and gas, metals, machinery, chemicals, food processing
Economy: Largest country economy in Europe, GDP of $1.7 trillion
Brief History: Emerged from collapse of Soviet Union in 1991, global power with nuclear weapons
Key Allies: Belarus, Kazakhstan, China
Major Cities: Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg

Arab Republic of Egypt

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Arab Republic of Egypt

Size: 390,000 sq mi, 30th largest country
Population: 100 million, 14th most populous
Capital: Cairo
Government: Unitary semi-presidential republic
Main Industries: Tourism, agriculture, oil exports, textiles
Economy: Middle-income emerging market, GDP of $360 billion
Brief History: Ancient civilization, ruled by pharaohs, part of Ottoman Empire, gained independence in 1922
Key Allies: Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United States
Major Cities: Cairo, Alexandria, Giza

United States of America

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United States of America

Size: 3.8 million sq mi, 4th largest country
Population: 330 million, 3rd most populous
Capital: Washington, D.C.
Government: Federal presidential constitutional republic
Main Industries: Technology, finance, aerospace, agriculture, manufacturing
Economy: Largest economy globally, GDP of $21 trillion, highly developed mixed market
Brief History: Gained independence from Britain in 1776, became superpower after WWII
Key Allies: NATO members, Japan, South Korea
Major Cities: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Phoenix

United Arab Emirates

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United Arab Emirates

Size: 32,000 sq mi, located in the Middle East
Population: 9.9 million, 89th most populous
Capital: Abu Dhabi
Government: Federal absolute monarchy
Main Industries: Oil and gas, aviation, real estate, tourism
Economy: High-income developed economy, GDP of $421 billion
Brief History: Formed from 7 emirates in 1971, rapid modernization and economic growth
Key Allies: Saudi Arabia, United States, China
Major Cities: Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah

People's Republic of China

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China Facts

Size: 3.7 million sq mi, 4th largest country in Asia
Population: 1.4 billion, most populous country
Capital: Beijing
Government: Unitary one-party socialist republic
Main Industries: Manufacturing, technology, energy, agriculture
Economy: Largest economy in Asia, 2nd largest globally, GDP of $14 trillion
Brief History: Ancient civilization, communist revolution in 1949, rapid economic growth since reforms
Key Allies: North Korea, Russia, Pakistan
Major Cities: Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen

Sudan

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Sudan Facts

Size: 728,000 sq mi, 3rd largest country in Africa
Population: 43 million, 3rd most populous in Africa
Capital: Khartoum
Government: Unitary semi-presidential republic
Main Industries: Agriculture, oil, mining, industry
Economy: Lower-middle income, GDP of $84 billion
Brief History: Gained independence from UK-Egypt condominium in 1956, civil wars and political instability
Key Allies: China, Russia, Turkey
Major Cities: Khartoum, Omdurman, Port Sudan

France

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France Facts

Size: 248,000 sq mi, largest country in Western Europe
Population: 67 million, 20th most populous
Capital: Paris
Government: Unitary semi-presidential republic
Main Industries: Tourism, aerospace, machinery, chemicals, automobiles
Economy: Highly developed mixed economy, GDP of $2.8 trillion
Brief History: Founded as a monarchy, became a republic after 1789 revolution, colonial power
Key Allies: Germany, EU members, NATO
Major Cities: Paris, Marseille, Lyon, Toulouse, Nice

Syria

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Syria Facts

Size: 71,000 sq mi, located in the Middle East
Population: 17 million, 53rd most populous
Capital: Damascus
Government: Unitary semi-presidential republic
Main Industries: Petroleum, textiles, food processing, construction
Economy: Lower-middle income, GDP of $55 billion
Brief History: Ancient civilization, ruled by various empires, gained independence from France in 1946, ongoing civil war since 2011
Key Allies: Russia, Iran, Hezbollah
Major Cities: Damascus, Aleppo, Homs, Hama

South Korea

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South Korea Facts

Size: 39,000 sq mi, located in East Asia
Population: 51 million, 27th most populous
Capital: Seoul
Government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic
Main Industries: Electronics, automobiles, machinery, steel, petrochemicals
Economy: High-income developed economy, GDP of $1.6 trillion
Brief History: Divided from North Korea in 1948, rapid economic growth since 1960s
Key Allies: United States, Japan
Major Cities: Seoul, Busan, Incheon, Daegu, Daejeon

Mexico

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Mexico Facts

Size: 758,000 sq mi, 13th largest country
Population: 126 million, 10th most populous
Capital: Mexico City
Government: Federal presidential republic
Main Industries: Manufacturing, oil and gas, mining, tourism
Economy: Upper-middle income, GDP of $1.3 trillion
Brief History: Colonized by Spain, gained independence in 1821, political and economic turmoil
Key Allies: United States, Canada
Major Cities: Mexico City, Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla, Tijuana

Kazakhstan

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Kazakhstan Facts

Size: 1.0 million sq mi, 9th largest country and largest landlocked country
Population: 18 million, 62nd most populous
Capital: Nur-Sultan
Government: Unitary presidential republic
Main Industries: Oil, gas, mining, metals, machinery, chemicals, food processing
Economy: Upper-middle income, GDP of $180 billion
Brief History: Gained independence from Soviet Union in 1991, transitioning to market economy
Key Allies: Russia, China
Major Cities: Almaty, Shymkent, Karaganda

Federated States of Micronesia

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Micronesia Facts

Size: 271 sq mi, island nation in the Pacific Ocean
Population: 105,000, 188th most populous
Capital: Palikir
Government: Federal presidential republic
Main Industries: Fishing, tourism, subsistence farming
Economy: Lower-middle income, GDP of $0.3 billion
Brief History: Colonized by Spain, Germany, Japan, became a U.S. territory, gained independence in 1986
Key Allies: United States
Major Cities: Palikir, Kolonia

Vatican City

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Vatican Facts

Size: 0.17 sq mi, smallest internationally recognized independent state
Population: 800, 235th most populous
Capital: Vatican City
Government: Ecclesiastical elective monarchy
Main Industries: Tourism, publishing, banking
Economy: Highly developed, GDP per capita very high
Brief History: Established as an independent state in 1929, seat of the Catholic Church
Key Allies: Italy
Major Cities: None, just the Holy See

Chad

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Chad Facts

Size: 495,000 sq mi, 21st largest country in the world and the 5th largest in Africa
Population: 16 million, 72nd most populous
Capital: N'Djamena
Government: Unitary semi-presidential republic
Main Industries: Oil, agriculture, textiles, mining
Economy: Lower-income, GDP of $27 billion
Brief History: Colonized by France, gained independence in 1960, political instability and civil wars
Key Allies: France, Libya, Sudan
Major Cities: N'Djamena, Moundou, Sarh

Pakistan

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Pakistan Facts

Size: 340,000 sq mi, located in South Asia
Population: 221 million, 5th most populous country
Capital: Islamabad
Government: Federal parliamentary republic
Main Industries: Textiles, food processing, chemicals, cement
Economy: Developing mixed economy, GDP of $263 billion
Brief History: Formed from partition of British India in 1947, ongoing tensions with India
Key Allies: China, Saudi Arabia, Turkey
Major Cities: Karachi, Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala

United Kingdom

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UK Facts

Size: 93,000 sq mi, located in Western Europe
Population: 67 million, 21st most populous
Capital: London
Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Main Industries: Financial services, aerospace, automotive, pharmaceuticals
Economy: Highly developed mixed economy, GDP of $2.8 trillion
Brief History: Emerged as a global power during the British Empire, underwent industrialization
Key Allies: United States, NATO members, Commonwealth countries
Major Cities: London, Birmingham, Manchester, Glasgow, Liverpool

Ghana

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Ghana facts

Size: 92,000 sq mi, located in West Africa
Population: 31 million, 47th most populous
Capital: Accra
Government: Unitary presidential constitutional democracy
Main Industries: Mining, oil, agriculture, services
Economy: Lower-middle income, GDP of $69 billion
Brief History: Colonized by the British, gained independence in 1957, democratic since 1992
Key Allies: United States, United Kingdom, China
Major Cities: Accra, Kumasi, Tamale, Sekondi-Takoradi

Nigeria

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Nigeria Facts

Size: 356,000 sq mi, largest country in West Africa
Population: 206 million, 7th most populous
Capital: Abuja
Government: Federal presidential republic
Main Industries: Oil, agriculture, manufacturing, services
Economy: Lower-middle income, GDP of $443 billion
Brief History: Colonized by Britain, gained independence in 1960, military rule and civil war
Key Allies: United States, United Kingdom, China
Major Cities: Lagos, Kano, Ibadan, Kaduna, Port Harcourt

Indonesia

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Indonesia facts

Size: 735,000 sq mi, largest archipelago country, located in Southeast Asia
Population: 273 million, 4th most populous
Capital: Jakarta
Government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic
Main Industries: Oil and gas, mining, manufacturing, agriculture
Economy: Emerging market, GDP of $1.1 trillion
Brief History: Colonized by the Dutch, gained independence in 1945, democratic since 1998
Key Allies: China, Japan, Singapore
Major Cities: Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Medan, Semarang

Maldives

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Maldives Facts

Size: 115 sq mi, small island nation in the Indian Ocean
Population: 540,000, 177th most populous
Capital: Malé
Government: Unitary presidential republic
Main Industries: Tourism, fishing, shipping
Economy: Upper-middle income, GDP of $5.8 billion
Brief History: Sultanate ruled by various dynasties, became a British protectorate, gained independence in 1965
Key Allies: India, China
Major Cities: Malé
Important recent events:

Ethiopia

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Ethiopia Facts

Size: 435,071 sq mi, large country in the Horn of Africa
Population: 114.9 million, 12th most populous
Capital: Addis Ababa
Government: Federal parliamentary republic
Main Industries: Agriculture, services, industry
Economy: Low-income, GDP of $93 billion
Brief History: Ancient civilization, colonial rule by Italy, gained independence in 1941
Key Allies: China, Russia, Israel
Major Cities: Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, Mekelle
Important recent events: Transition to democracy, conflict in Tigray region

Iraq

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Iraq Facts

Size: 168,754 sq mi, large Middle Eastern country
Population: 40.2 million, 21st most populous
Capital: Baghdad
Government: Federal parliamentary republic
Main Industries: Crude oil, petroleum refining, chemicals, textiles, cement, food processing
Economy: Upper-middle income, GDP of $234 billion
Brief History: Ruled by various empires, became independent in 1932, suffered under Saddam Hussein's dictatorship
Key Allies: Iran, Syria, Turkey
Major Cities: Baghdad, Mosul, Basra
Important recent events: Overthrow of Saddam Hussein, rise and fall of ISIS, ongoing political instability

India

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India Facts

Size: 1,269,219 sq mi, large South Asian country
Population: 1.38 billion, 2nd most populous
Capital: New Delhi
Government: Federal parliamentary constitutional republic
Main Industries: Agriculture, services, manufacturing
Economy: Lower-middle income, GDP of $2.9 trillion
Brief History: Ancient civilization, British colonial rule, gained independence in 1947
Key Allies: Russia, United States, Japan
Major Cities: Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Kolkata
Important recent events: Economic growth, tensions with Pakistan, COVID-19 pandemic

Uzbekistan

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Uzbekistan facts

Size: 172,742 sq mi, large Central Asian country
Population: 34 million, 42nd most populous
Capital: Tashkent
Government: Presidential republic
Main Industries: Agriculture, energy, mining, manufacturing
Economy: Lower-middle income, GDP of $57 billion
Brief History: Part of various empires, Soviet rule, gained independence in 1991
Key Allies: Russia, China, Kazakhstan
Major Cities: Tashkent, Samarkand, Namangan
Important recent events: Political and economic reforms, improved relations with neighbors

Brazil

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Brazil Facts

Size: 3,287,956 sq mi, largest country in South America
Population: 211.5 million, 9th most populous
Capital: Brasília
Government: Federal presidential republic
Main Industries: Agriculture, mining, manufacturing, services
Economy: Upper-middle income, GDP of $1.8 trillion
Brief History: Portuguese colony, gained independence in 1822, military dictatorship until 1985
Key Allies: United States, China, Argentina
Major Cities: São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Brasília
Important recent events: Impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff, Amazon deforestation concerns, COVID-19 pandemic

Lebanon

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Lebanon Facts

Size: 4,036 sq mi, small country in the Middle East
Population: 6.8 million, 101st most populous
Capital: Beirut
Government: Parliamentary republic
Main Industries: Tourism, agriculture, banking, construction
Economy: Upper-middle income, GDP of $55 billion
Brief History: Part of various empires, French mandate, gained independence in 1943
Key Allies: France, Saudi Arabia, Iran
Major Cities: Beirut, Tripoli, Sidon
Important recent events: Lebanese Civil War, Syrian refugee crisis, Beirut port explosion